MD-DE-DC Water Science Center
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Slide 23 of 26
One of the major long-term needs met using streamflow data is flood frequency analysis. Annual peaks discharges recorded at gaging stations are used in statistical procedures to estimate design discharges, such as the so-called 100-year flood. This is actually the discharge that has a 1% probablility of occurring in any one year.
The 100-year flood is commonly used as the design discharge for construction of bridges, flood channels, and delineation of flood-prone areas, such as on FEMA or flood insurance maps.